Title: Operators related to subordination for free multiplicative convolutions

Authors: Romuald Lenczewski

Issue: Volume 57 (2008), Issue 3, 1055-1104

Abstract: It has been shown by Voiculescu and Biane that the analytic subordination property holds for free additive and multiplicative convolutions. In this paper, we present an operatorial approach to subordination for free multiplicative convolutions. This study is based on the concepts of 'freeness with subordination', or '$s$-free independence', and 'orthogonal independence', introduced recently in the context of free additive convolutions. In particular, we introduce and study the associated multiplicative convolutions and construct related operators, called 'subordination operators' and 'subordination branches'. Using orthogonal independence, we derive decompositions of subordination branches and related decompositions of $s$-free and free multiplicative convolutions. The operatorial methods lead to several new types of graph products, called 'loop products', associated with different notions of independence (monotone, boolean, orthogonal, $s$-free). We prove that the enumeration of rooted 'alternating double return walks' on the loop products of graphs and on the free product of graphs gives the moments of the corresponding multiplicative convolutions.